Suggested revenue sources include taxing natural gas drilling as Pennsylvania is the only state without such a tax on gas drilling. 610. This layer contains all classifications of municipality including first and second class townships, boroughs, cities and the town. [130] As of 2000, there was a total Amish population of 47,860 in Pennsylvania and an additional 146,416 Mennonites and 91,200 Brethren. Residents with unearned income (except for interest from checking and savings accounts) are required to file and pay the School Income-tax (SIT). [149] The financial impact of agriculture in Pennsylvania[150] includes employment of more than 66,800 people employed by the food manufacturing industry and over $1.7billion in food product export as of 2011. Later, the Constitution was written, and Philadelphia was once again chosen to be cradle to the new nation. / 40.02194N 75.17500W / 40.02194; -75.17500. Berrysburg; Dauphin; Elizabethville; Gratz; Halifax; Highspire; Hummelstown; Lykens . Each township is governed by an elected board of commissioners or a board of supervisors. The U.S. state of Pennsylvania is divided into 1,547 townships in 67 counties. Doylestown, PA 18901. Pennsylvania's geography is highly diverse. [51] The Second Continental Congress, which also met in Philadelphia beginning in May 1775, authored and signed the Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia,[52] but when Philadelphia fell to the British in the Philadelphia Campaign, the Continental Congress moved west, where it met at the Lancaster courthouse on Saturday, September 27, 1777, and then to York. However, the rise of unions also led to a rise of union busting with several private police forces springing up. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. First-Class Townships In Pennsylvania - EclipseAviation.com Republican strength was concentrated in the Philadelphia suburbs and the more rural areas in the state's central, northeastern, and western portions, some of which have long been considered among the nation's most conservative areas. Computer and Internet Use. [72] Meanwhile, Stateside Puerto Ricans built a large community in the state's third-largest city, Allentown. The rapid growth of this community has given Pennsylvania one of the largest Asian populations in the nation. Another major eastwest route is Interstate 80, which runs primarily in the northern tier of the state from Ohio to New Jersey at the Delaware Water Gap. Yuengling & Son, America's oldest brewery, has been brewing beer in Pottsville since 1829. In York, the Second Continental Congress adopted the Articles of Confederation, largely authored by Pennsylvania delegate John Dickinson, that formed 13 independent States[c] into a new union. Pennsylvania is 170 miles (274km) north to south and 283 miles (455km) east to west. Under state law, school attendance in Pennsylvania is mandatory for a child from the age of 8until the age of 17, or until graduation from an accredited high school (whichever is earlier) unless students are homeschooled. Other titans of industry, including John D. Rockefeller and Jay Gould, also operated in Pennsylvania. As they lost numbers and land, they abandoned much of their western territory and moved closer to the Susquehanna River and the Iroquois and Mohawk tribes located more to the north. The population was 5,364 at the 2010 census. After the Stamp Act Congress of 1765, delegate John Dickinson of Philadelphia wrote the Declaration of Rights and Grievances. [173], Counties, municipalities, and school districts levy taxes on real estate. The state's three-most populated cities, in order of size, are Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and Allentown. Municipalities like cities, boroughs and townships follow codified laws that define their governments and duties, but municipalities wanting more control can draft a charter and establish home rule . [57] However, events such as the Paxton Boys massacres of 1763 had made the legislature aware of the need for a central capital. Some localities, however, used new state funding to cut local taxes. James Buchanan, a Franklin County native, served as the 15th U.S. president and was the first president to be born in Pennsylvania. The state is also home to Maple Grove Raceway, near Reading, which hosts major National Hot Rod Association-sanctioned drag racing events each year. [56], For half a century, the Pennsylvania General Assembly met at various places in the Philadelphia area before it began meeting regularly in Independence Hall in Philadelphia for 63 years. The Pennsylvania State Police is the chief law enforcement agency in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It has also been a keystone state economically with both manufacturing common to the North, including wares as Conestoga wagons and rifles,[225][226] and also agriculture common to the South, including feed, fiber, food, and tobacco. [17] They were fragmented into three groups during the Beaver Wars: the Petun of New York, the Wyandot of Ohio, and the Tiontatecaga of the Kanawha River in southern West Virginia. 12 Best Small Towns in Pennsylvania (with Map) - Touropia There are two classifications of townships, first class and second class. [163] One county, Philadelphia County, is coterminous with the city of Philadelphia after it was consolidated in 1854. In 2008, author Sharon Hernes Silverman called Pennsylvania the snack food capital of the world. [161], Pennsylvania is divided into 67 counties. Pearson Education 2006. In college basketball, five Philadelphia and Philadelphia-area universities, collectively known as the Big Five, have a rich tradition in NCAA Division I basketball. [18] They may have been the same as the Monongahela culture and little is known about them except that they were probably a Siouan culture. Political analysts and editorials refer to central Pennsylvania as the "T" in statewide elections. Municipalities | Bucks County, PA The Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, abbreviated as PennDOT, is responsible for transport issues within the commonwealth. [50], When the Founding Fathers convened in Philadelphia in 1774, 12 colonies sent representatives to the First Continental Congress. [47] Established in 1773, Dickinson was ratified five days after the Treaty of Paris on September 9, 1783, and was founded by Benjamin Rush and named after John Dickinson. They comprised over 40% of the city's population by 2000.[73]. A first- class township is a unit of local government in Pennsylvania. [7] The state capital is Harrisburg. State College is located in the central region. [135] On a per capita basis, Pennsylvania's 2021 per capita GSP of $64,751 ranks 24th among the fifty states. [99], There are a total of 56 cities in Pennsylvania, which are classified, by population, as either first-, second-, or third-class cities. Lehigh in Bethlehem has had 28 NCAA Division I individual champions over its history. [139] In all, Pennsylvania is home to 50 Fortune 500 companies. The first nationally chartered bank in the U.S., the Bank of North America, was founded in 1781 in Philadelphia. The post-Civil War era, known as the Gilded Age, saw the continued rise of industry in Pennsylvania. There are nearly one million licensed hunters in Pennsylvania. PENNSYLVANIA: 2020 Census All judges in Pennsylvania are elected; the chief justice is determined by seniority. Attempts to transfer local income tax collections to the state level (i.e. Andrew Carnegie founded the Carnegie Steel Company in Pittsburgh and Charles M. Schwab founded Bethlehem Steel in Bethlehem. With the exception of the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, municipalities and school districts are allowed to enact a local earned income tax within the purview of Act 32. [163] The rest of the cities, including Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and Reading, its fourth-largest, to Parker, the state's smallest city with a population of only 820, are third-class cities. [citation needed], The growth of industry eventually provided middle class incomes to working-class households after the development of labor unions helped them gain living wages. [223] Traditional Pennsylvania Dutch foods include chicken potpie, ham potpie, schnitz un knepp (dried apples, ham, and dumplings), fasnachts (raised doughnuts), scrapple, pretzels, bologna, chow-chow, and Shoofly pie. [162][163] The largest borough in Pennsylvania is State College (40,501) and the smallest is Centralia. The first World Series between the Boston Americans (which later became the Boston Red Sox) and Pittsburgh Pirates was played in Pittsburgh in 1903. The Lenape's territory ended somewhere between the Delaware River in the east and the Susquehanna River in central Pennsylvania. [61] The Battle of Gettysburg, the major turning point of the American Civil War, took place near Gettysburg in July 1863. There is one exception to the types of municipalities in Pennsylvania: Bloomsburg was incorporated as a town in 1870 and is, officially, the only town in the state. A surge in immigration to the U.S. during the late 19th and early 20th centuries provided a steady flow of cheap labor for these industries, which often employed children and people who could not speak English from Southern and Eastern Europe. Summers are generally hot and humid. [31] By June 11, 1674, New York reasserted control over the outlying colonies, including Upland, and the names started to be changed to British names by November 11, 1674. [162] Counties are further subdivided into municipalities that are either incorporated as cities, boroughs, or townships. Pittsburgh Regional Transit is the 25th-largest transit agency and provides transit bus and light rail service in and around Pittsburgh.[205]. Penn Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania - Wikipedia Since the latter half of the 20th century, Pennsylvania has been perceived as a powerful swing state, and winning Pennsylvania has since been deemed as essential to U.S. presidential candidates. Under Pennsylvania law, there are four types of incorporated municipalities: cities, boroughs, townships, and, in at most two cases, towns. As of the 2010 census, Pennsylvania had the fourth-highest proportion of elderly (65+) citizens in the nation at 15.4%, compared to a national average of 13.0%. "Pennsylvania Department of Transportation Fact Book", p. 7. [187] State students consistently do well in standardized testing. With job losses came heavy population losses, especially in the state's largest cities. As of the 2020 U.S. census, Pennsylvania had a population of 13,011,844, up from 12,702,379 in 2010. Among them, these teams have accumulated 12 triple and double-A baseball league titles (RailRiders 1, Senators 6, Fightin Phils 4Curve 1), 3Arena Bowl Championships (Soul), and 11 Calder Cups (Bears). Non-Hispanic whites make up the majority of Pennsylvania; they are mostly descended from German, Irish, Scottish, Welsh, Italian, and English immigrants. Other companies such as Herr's Snacks, Martin's Potato Chips, Snyder's of Berlin (not associated with Snyder's of Hanover), Middleswarth Potato Chips (in Middleburg) and Troyer Farms Potato Products are popular chip manufacturers. The growth of the Lehigh Valley has made it one of the seventy most populous metro areas in the country,[75] while Pennsylvania also has six other metro areas among the top 200-most populous American metro areas. root: "Cal", limestone. Outside of Scranton, in Old Forge, there are dozens of Italian restaurants specializing in pizza made unique by thick, light crust, and American cheese. [193][194][195][196] The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts is the first and oldest art school in the United States. www.HSOBC.org. Pennsylvania ranks eighth in the nation in winemaking.[148]. [32] Upland was partitioned on November 12, 1674, producing the general outline of the current border between Pennsylvania and Delaware. As the Pennsylvania oil rush developed, Pennsylvania's oil boom towns, such as Titusville, rose and later fell. Pennsylvania translates to "Penn's Woods" and was named after the father of William Penn, the founder of the colony. In 1799, the General Assembly moved to the Lancaster Courthouse. [119] According to U.S. Census Bureau estimates, the state's poverty rate was 12.5% in 2017 compared to 13.4% for the U.S. as a whole. [11] Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Jefferson Township includes the earliest known signs of human activity in Pennsylvania and perhaps all of North America,[12] including the remains of a civilization that existed over 10,000 years ago and possibly pre-dated the Clovis culture. by having a separate local section on the state income tax return, currently the method used to collect local income taxes in New York, Maryland, Indiana, and Iowa) have been unsuccessful.[179]. [178], The complexity of Pennsylvania's local tax filing system has been criticized by experts, who note that the outsourcing of collections to private entities is akin to tax farming and that many new residents are caught off guard and end up facing failure to file penalties even if they did not owe any tax. 55 East Court Street. Pennsylvania (/pnslveni/ (listen); Pennsylvania German: Pennsilfaani), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,[b] is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. The state may be subject to severe weather from spring through summer into autumn. Within the American Soccer Pyramid, the MLS takes the first tier while the USL-2 claims the third tier. As of 2022, there are 16 casinos in the state. Sp. [15] European disease and constant warfare with several neighbors and groups of Europeans weakened these tribes, and they were grossly outpaced financially as the Hurons and Iroquois blocked them from proceeding west into Ohio during the Beaver Wars. [126] In 2020, the Public Religion Research Institute estimated 68% of the population identified with Christianity. Founded in 1806, its historic heart is still . This law specifies the requirements and responsibilities of the parents and the school district where the family lives.[189]. Archaeologists believe the first settlement of the Americas occurred at least 15,000 years ago during the last glacial period, though it is unclear when humans first entered the area now known as Pennsylvania. Altoona and Johnstown are in the state's west-central region. redirects here. The Asian population swelled by almost 60%, fueled by Indian, Vietnamese, and Chinese immigration, and many Asian transplants moving to Philadelphia from New York. Wet and Dry Municipalities - Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board For example, in Chester County, Mexican immigrants brought the Spanish language, increased Catholicism, high birth rates, and cuisine when they were hired as agricultural laborers; in some rural localities, they made up half or more of the population. Wellsboro [SEE MAP] A very charming place to visit, the small, atmospheric town of Wellsboro can be found in the north of Pennsylvania in Tioga County. Religious self-identification in Pennsylvania (April 2023 Franklin & Marshall College poll)[123]. In college football, three Pennsylvania universities compete in NCAA Division I, the highest level of sanctioned collegiate play in the sport: Penn State in the Big Ten Conference, Pitt in the Atlantic Coast Conference, and Temple in the American Athletic Conference. The Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) is the public university system of the Commonwealth, with 14 state-owned schools. PennDOT owns 39,861 miles (64,150km) of the 121,770 miles (195,970km) of roadway in the state, making it the fifth-largest state highway system in the United States. In a 2020 study, Pennsylvania was ranked as the 19th hardest state for citizens to vote in. 12. New Sweden claimed and, for the most part, controlled the lower Delaware River region, including parts of present-day Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, but settled few colonists there. The township ceased to exist and was incorporated into the City of Philadelphia following the passage of the Act of Consolidation, 1854 . Senator Simon Cameron,[63] later the Secretary of War under President Abraham Lincoln. Residents of Philadelphia working for an employer are not required to file a local return as long as their Philadelphia wage tax is fully withheld by their employer. Democratic political consultant James Carville once pejoratively described Pennsylvania as "Philadelphia in the east, Pittsburgh in the west, and Alabama in the middle", suggesting that political power in the state was based in its two largest cities, which have been reliably Democrat, offset by the state's large rural power base, which has proven equally reliably Republican. In baseball, in addition to its two MLB franchises, Pennsylvania has minor league and semi-pro sports teams: the Triple-A baseball Lehigh Valley IronPigs and the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders of the Triple-A East; the Double-A baseball Altoona Curve, Erie SeaWolves, Harrisburg Senators, and Reading Fightin Phils of the Double-A Northeast; the collegiate summer baseball State College Spikes and Williamsport Crosscutters of the MLB Draft League; the independent baseball Lancaster Barnstormers and York Revolution of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball; the independent baseball Washington Wild Things of the Frontier League; the Erie BayHawks of the NBA G League; the Lehigh Valley Phantoms, Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins, and Hershey Bears of the American Hockey League; the Reading Royals and of the ECHL; and the Philadelphia Soul of the Arena Football League. High Point Raceway is located in Mount Morris, Pennsylvania, and Steel City is located in Delmont, Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania's center of population is in Duncannon in Perry County.[105]. The state holds 19 electoral votes.[182]. At the time, Vermont has not yet seceded from New York State. There are also a growing number of black residents of West Indian, recent African, and Hispanic or Latino origins. The legislature meets there in the State Capitol. Additional information comes from the Pennsylvania Bureau of Municipal Services. The state has five manufacturing centers: Philadelphia in the southeast, Pittsburgh in the southwest, Erie in the northwest, Scranton-Wilkes-Barre in the northeast, and the Lehigh Valley in the east. Pennsylvania was the center state of the German Reformed denomination from the 1700s. Township, Borough, City Maps - PennDOT Historically, Democratic strength was concentrated in Philadelphia in the southeast, the Pittsburgh and Johnstown areas in the southwest, and Scranton/Wilkes-Barre in the northeast. [156], Pennsylvania has a bicameral legislature set up by Commonwealth's constitution in 1790. Casino gambling was legalized in Pennsylvania in 2004. Of the original Thirteen Colonies, Pennsylvania is the only state that does not border the Atlantic Ocean. The state's subsequent five most populous cities are Allentown, Reading, Erie, Scranton, and Bethlehem. Dauphin County, Pennsylvania - Wikipedia However, residents in affected municipalities can appeal the vote, which might affect the issuing of licenses. The total Anabapist population including Bruderhof[131] was 232,631, about two percent of the population. [74] Philadelphia anchors the seventh-largest metropolitan area in the country, while Pittsburgh is the center of the twenty-seventh largest metro area in the country. In Pittsburgh, tomato ketchup was improved by Henry John Heinz from 1876 to the early 20th century. also 1536, Cauca River, linking Cali, important for higher population agriculture and cattle raising and Colombia's coffee is produced in the adjacent uplands. [64] Pennsylvania created a Department of Highways and engaged in a vast program of road-building, while railroads continued to see heavy usage. Penn Township, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. [91] Pennsylvania is the fifth-most populated state in the U.S. after California, Florida, New York, and Texas. [163] There are 958 boroughs in Pennsylvania, all of which are governed by the "weak mayor" form of mayor-council government. Penn knew of the hostility Quakers faced when they opposed religious ritual, taking oaths, violence, war, and military service, and what they viewed as ostentatious frippery.[231][232]. In 2019, net migration to other states resulted in a decrease of 27,718, and immigration from other countries resulted in an increase of 127,007. [71] New ethnic groups, especially Hispanics and Latinos, began entering the state to fill low-skill jobs in agriculture and service industries. The Coal State, The Oil State, and The Steel State were each adopted nicknames when those respective industries were, at various times during the 19th and 20th centuries, the state's largest respective industries. Phone: 215-348-6000. This article is about the U.S. state. There are also two motocross race tracks that host a round of the AMA Toyota Motocross Championships in Pennsylvania. Harrisburg (county seat) Boroughs. In the 2016 presidential election, however, Republican Donald Trump broke the Democratic streak in the state, winning by 2,970,733 (48%) votes to 2,926,441 (47%) votes. The southeastern Delaware Valley metropolitan area comprises and surrounds Philadelphia, the state's largest and nation's sixth-most populous city. It also promoted general employment and prosperity, since the government used discretion and did not issue excessive amounts that inflated the currency. The southern portion of the state has a humid subtropical climate. [170] Additional revenue prospects include trying to place tolls on interstate highways; specifically Interstate 80, which is used heavily by out of state commuters with high maintenance costs. Pennsylvania has 17 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives as of 2023.[184]. Coal mining, primarily in the state's Coal Region in the northeast region of the state, also was a major industry for much of the 19th and 20th centuries. Sauerkraut along with pork and mashed potatoes is a traditional meal on New Year's Day in Pennsylvania; its tradition began with the Pennsylvania Dutch who believe the meal leads to good luck in the new year to come. This local return is filed with the local income tax collector, a private collection agency appointed by a particular county to collect the local earned income and local services tax (the latter a flat fee deducted from salaried employees working within a particular municipality or school district). From those largest in population to smallest, and excluding the single town, Bloomsburg , these are: Cities (see cities list ) Pitt plays its home games at Acrisure Stadium, a 68,400-capacity stadium it shares with the Pittsburgh Steelers; the team is coached by Pat Narduzzi. The largest city in Pennsylvania is Philadelphia, with a population of 1,527,886. Pennsylvania is home to the first nationally-chartered bank under the 1863 National Banking Act. Under Pennsylvania law, there are four types of incorporated municipalities in the Commonwealth. At the beginning of the 20th century, Pennsylvania's economy centered on steel production, logging, coal mining, textile production, and other forms of industrial manufacturing. As a result, maps showing the results of statewide elections invariably form a shape that resembles a "T". "2010 Public Transportation Fact Book", p. 8. [95] Foreign-born Pennsylvanians are largely from Asia (36.0%), Europe (35.9%), and Latin America (30.6%) with the remainder from Africa (5%), North America (3.1%), and Oceania (0.4%). [132] While Pennsylvania owes its existence to Quakers, and much of the historic character of the Commonwealth is ideologically rooted in the teachings of the Religious Society of Friends (as they are officially known), practicing Quakers are a small minority of about 10,000 adherents as of 2010. The Pennsylvania State University is the Commonwealth's land-grant university, Sea Grant College and, Space Grant College. [citation needed] Thousands of Pennsylvanians volunteered during the SpanishAmerican War. The Allegheny is the state's only national forest. White-tail deer, black bear, cottontail rabbit, squirrel, turkey, and grouse are common game species. Pennsylvania Department of Education: Home Education and Private Tutoring, Retrieved December 4, 2009. South of the Allegheny River was a nation known as Calicua. [37], What had been Upland on the Pennsylvania side of the Pennsylvania-Delaware border was renamed as Chester County when Pennsylvania instituted their colonial governments on March 4, 1681. [204] With more than four million inter-city rail passengers in 2018, Philadelphia's 30th Street Station is Amtrak's third busiest train station in the nation after Penn Station in Manhattan and Union Station in Washington, D.C.,[206] and North America's 12th-busiest train station overall. [57], The General Assembly met in the old Dauphin County Court House until December 1821[57] when the Federal-style Hills Capitol, named for Lancaster architect Stephen Hills, was constructed on a hilltop land grant of four acres set aside for a seat of state government in Harrisburg by the son and namesake of John Harris, Sr., a Yorkshire native who founded a trading post and ferry on the east shore of the Susquehanna River in 1705. There is currently a gubernatorial hold on executions.[183]. Each city is further classified based on population, with Philadelphia being of the first class, Pittsburgh of the second class, Scranton of the second class A, and the remaining 53 cities being of the third class. [57], The General Assembly met at a nearby Methodist Church until a new capitol could be built. Martin's Famous Pastry Shoppe, headquartered in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, specializes in potato bread, another traditional Pennsylvania Dutch food. When they dubbed the roughly finished somewhat industrial Cobb Capitol building complete, the General Assembly refused to occupy the building. Archived from the original on January 18, 2013. Once it receives certified election results, the PLCB will accept liquor license applications for establishments in the newly wet municipality. In the 21st century, however, Pittsburgh suburbs, which historically had been Democrat strongholds, have swung more Republican. After a series of mergers, the Bank of North America is now part of Wells Fargo. The Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine (LECOM) is a private graduate school of medicine, dentistry, and pharmacy with a main campus in Erie, and a branch campus located in Greensburg (with two other campuses outside of Pennsylvania).
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